Etude de la valorisation énergétique de la biomasse lignocellulosique (Palmes sèches) du palmier dattier au sud-ouest de l'Algérie

Abstract

Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre de la diversification des ressources des énergies renouvelables comme une biomasse. Dans cette recherche, nous nous sommes focalisés sur la valorisation des palmes sèches des palmiers dattiers, cette matière non comestible par l’homme est considérée comme un déchet non valorisé. Où on a étudié les propriétés physico-chimiques et biochimiques de cette matière, qui lui permettent d'être un matériau valorisable pour la production de bioéthanol, ainsi que les techniques adoptées pour atteindre les meilleurs résultats en termes de qualité. Grâce aux procédés technologiques, une deuxième génération a été identifiée dans la production de bioéthanol à partir de ces produits lignocellulosique (palmes sèches). L’estimation de tonnage de sous-produit de palmier dattier (palmes sèches) dans la région d’Adrar s’élèverait à 51,273 tonnes/an, quantité tout à fait exploitable quant à la production de bioéthanol, L'étude a été menée sur la production de bioéthanol par fermentation alcoolique anaérobie à l'aide de Saccharomyces cerevisiae, après broyage, vapocraquage et hydrolyse acide. Ces résultats ont montré que la meilleure dilution qui permet un milieu favorable pour une bonne dégradation anaérobique par la levure utilisée est de 1g de FPS par 60 ml d'eau (1/60), cette dilution donne un rendement final de l'ordre de 55%. i.e. chaque 100 g de FPS produisent 55 ml d'éthanol de concentration 90°. Les caractéristiques finales sont acceptables comparé à l'éthanol commercial.

This work is part of the diversification of renewable energy sources such as biomass. In this research, we focused on the recovery of dry palms from date palms, this material inedible by humans is considered as non-recovered waste. Where we studied the physico-chemical and biochemical properties of this material, which allow it to be a recoverable material for the production of bioethanol, as well as the techniques adopted to achieve the best results in terms of quality. Thanks to technological processes, a second generation has been identified in the production of bioethanol from these lignocellulosic products (dry palms). The estimated tonnag of date palm by-product (dried palm) in the Adrar region would therefore amount to 51.273 tonnes / year, a quantity that can be fully exploited for the production of bioethanol. The study was carried out. on the production of bioethanol by anaerobic alcoholic fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, after grinding, steam cracking and acid hydrolysis. These results showed that the best dilution which allows a favorable medium for the good anaerobic degradation by the yeast used is 1g of SPF per 60mL of water (1/60), this dilution also gives a final yield of the order of 55 % this lasts for each 100g of SPF to produce 55mL of ethanol of 90 ° concentration. The final characteristics are acceptable compared to commercial ethanol

This work is part of the diversification of renewable energy sources such as biomass. In this research, we focused on the recovery of dry palms from date palms, this material inedible by humans is considered as non-recovered waste. Where we studied the physico-chemical and biochemical properties of this material, which allow it to be a recoverable material for the production of bioethanol, as well as the techniques adopted to achieve the best results in terms of quality. Thanks to technological processes, a second generation has been identified in the production of bioethanol from these lignocellulosic products (dry palms). The estimated tonnag of date palm by-product (dried palm) in the Adrar region would therefore amount to 51.273 tonnes / year, a quantity that can be fully exploited for the production of bioethanol. The study was carried out. on the production of bioethanol by anaerobic alcoholic fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, after grinding, steam cracking and acid hydrolysis. These results showed that the best dilution which allows a favorable medium for the good anaerobic degradation by the yeast used is 1g of SPF per 60mL of water (1/60), this dilution also gives a final yield of the order of 55 % this lasts for each 100g of SPF to produce 55mL of ethanol of 90 ° concentration. The final characteristics are acceptable compared to commercial ethanol