Fundamental Electronics 01

Abstract

Foreword This course is designed to provide second-year undergraduate students in the field of Science and Technology, specialty Electronics / Electrotechnics / Automatics, with the fundamental knowledge and theoretical as well as practical concepts necessary to understand the basic principles of electronics and their various applications. It follows the official syllabus for the module "Fundamental Electronics 1". This course, titled Fundamental Electronics 1, enables students to perform calculations, analyze, and interpret electronic circuits. It also helps them understand the properties, electrical models, and characteristics of electronic components such as diodes, bipolar transistors, and operational amplifiers. The course is divided into five chapters: 1. The first chapter presents general concepts related to the application of Ohm‘s and Kirchhoff‘s laws, as well as methods for analyzing DC circuits (including the theorems of Norton, Thévenin, Superposition, Kennelly, Millman, and Maximum Power Transfer). 2. The second chapter covers passive two-port networks (quadripoles) in detail. Topics include: matrix representations of two-port networks, combinations of quadripoles, relationships between parameters, and the quantities characterizing a quadripole's behavior in a circuit, such as input and output impedance, and current and voltage gain. This chapter also includes frequency analysis of RC, CR, and RLC filters (transfer functions and Bode plots), to highlight the frequency-filtering properties of these electrical circuits. 3. The third chapter provides a review of semiconductors as an introduction to PN junctions and junction diodes. It also studies circuits based on diodes, such as half-wave and full-wave rectifiers, along with different types of diodes (Zener diode, Schottky diode, Varicap diode, light-emitting diodes, and photodiodes). 4. The fourth chapter is dedicated to the static and dynamic operation of bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), including various configurations such as common-emitter, common-base, and common-collector setups, as well as multi-stage amplifiers. 5. The final chapter addresses the operation of one of the most widely used and popular integrated circuits: the operational amplifier. It covers different types of configurations, particularly linear applications such as adders, subtractors, integrators, and differentiators