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Summary in English
In my thesis I spoke about " the rules of Al Maqâsid, and it's application at Al-Cheikh Abou Abdellah Mohamed Al- Makri (the grandfather)", This study aims to identify the scientific efforts of Al- Makri, particularly since He is one of El- Chatibi's teachers. This search contains theoretical chapter attempted to study the scientific and personal life of Al- Makri, and his General methodology, Furthermore, this search also contains a practical include examination of about 53 rules of Al Maqâsid mentioned in the Al- Makri's books, as well as to identify the outline of His approach of Al Maqâsid.
In fact, El- Cheikh Al- Makri was born in Tlemcen at the beginning of the 8th century of the Hijri, his roots back to" Magra" near the town of M’sila, and he learned at many famous scholars such as; Omran El Mechedali, Ibnai Al-Imâm, Ibn Hakam Assalaoui, and many other. After that, he decided to go to other regions, than he studied at many scholars among them: Ibn Abdessalem )the Tunisian), Abu Hayane El Gharnati, Tedj Eddine Ettebrizi, Ibn Kaim El Djouzia, and many other. On the other hand, a famous scholars have learned on his hand including: El- Châtibî, Ibn Khaldoun, Lissane Eddine Ibn Al-Khatib, and others. Also He wrote some books in particular; "kawa'id Al-Makri", "'Amal man tab li man hab", "Al-Hakaik wa Al-Raqaiq", and others. At the end He died in 759 of the Hijri in Fez, and was buried in Tlemcen.
This study shows that Al- Makri great efforts in Al Maqâsid (the purposes of Islamic Religion), that is a clear sign to his ability to study the Principlesna and branches of Charia'a. In his books, Al- Makri has declared about 55 rules of Maqâsid, primarily include the majority of Maqâsid's chapters, in particular; the attainment of Masalih (good, welfare, advantage, benefits) and warding off Mafsada (evil, harm, loss), and achievement of easing and not to cause harm and suffering, the reasoning and the cult, Division of Maqâsid into Daruriyat (the essentials), Hajiyat (the complementary), and Tahsiniyat (the embellish-ments), Also, he studied the five foundational goals of chari'a: Religion (din), Life (nafs),Lineage (nasl),Intellect (‘aql), Wealth (mal). And the other chapters such as: the intention, and rules of Maqâsid that relating to usol Al-Fiqh. All of this indicate to the inclusiveness of His methodology in Maqâsid.
The study found that Al- Makri belong to ibn 'Abd al-Salam's and Al-Qarafi's school, which is a school mainly relies on extrapolation, preparation of the rules of Al Maqâsid, and increasion examples, but accurately He stated a few rules (of Makasid) as compared to the rules of Fiqh and Usul, but he particularly creative in the formulation of some rules, its examples, its criticize, and its brevity.
Al-Makri has had an effect on his student El- Châtibî, but his impact was a little bit on some rules. And finally, I concluded my study with an important recommendations Including conduct researches about the Algerian heritage generally, and about Al-Makri's heritage especially.
Keywords: the rules of Al Maqâsid - Al Makri the grandfather. |
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