Proposition d’un protocole de routage efficace en énergie basée sur une approche inspirée de la nature dans un réseau de capteur sans fil

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) represent an emerging technology, which aims to offer innovative solutions and capabilities. Their use is continuing to be increased in many areas like health, environment, battlefield etc. However, the limited resources of the sensor nodes is an important constraint, mainly in terms of energy autonomy. For this reason, one of the major issues in sensor networks is developing an energy-efficient routing protocol to improve the network lifetime. Clustering is one of the techniques widely used to exploit the energy of the network efficiently. It is pointed out in the literature that designing a dynamic clustering algorithm is a NP-hard problem. In recent years, many meta-heuristic approaches had been proposed for this purpose. Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) is one of the new nature-inspired meta-heuristic algorithms for solving many optimization problems. In this work, we propose ECSBCP (Enhanced Cuckoo Search-Based Clustering Protocol) as a new clustering-based routing protocol using Cuckoo Search Algorithm. Performance analysis and the obtained results show that our proposed protocol performs well in terms of energy consumption, network lifetime and the amount of data sent to the Base Station (BS), compared to the well-known LEACH protocol.